Human Rights :: Human Rights Essays

This is a 3 page paper that describes evaluates and recommends the human right aspect of application in real life. INTRODUCTION: As laid down by the United Nations there are 30 articles pertaining to the definition of Human Rights. According to these articles it contains human rights to be considered innocent until proven guilty, and the right of freedom from discrimination and the right of free and fair trial. RESPECT FOR FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS: Globally speaking the world has faced a lot of human discrimination collectively in the past year, and this human rights violation is still going on. â€Å"All human beings, whatever their cultural or historical background, suffer when they are intimidated, imprisoned or tortured. The question of human rights is so fundamentally important that there should be no difference of views on this. We must therefore insist on a global consensus not only on the need to respect human rights world wide but more importantly on the definition of these rights.†(1). The tragedy of September 11 is a major human rights violation, but it doesn’t end here. The repercussions have lead into more human rights degrading. The supposedly guilty ‘terrorists’ held in Guatemala Bay are a living proof of serious human rights violation. With treatment meted out like animals to them they are being kept in cages in open view all the time. Where is one wonders the U.N. rights article number 11- Right to be considered innocent until proven Guilty? It is also clearly stated in the U.N. Charters of War and Crime that all arrests made in a state of war will be treated as Prisoners of War. And such prisoners have basic fundamental rights which are not being followed on these prisoners. To date there are innocent Saudis, Pakistani nationals and even French confined in these cages and whose governments are demanding their release. Since it is guarded severely in Cuba there are no exclusive pictures and footage to view for an audience however snaps and eye-witness accounts of Red Cross workers and Human Rights groups is available. â€Å"We need to think in global terms because the effects of one nation's actions are felt far beyond its borders. The acceptance of universally binding standards of Human Rights as laid down in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the International Covenants of Human Rights is essential in today's shrinking world. Respect for fundamental human rights should not remain an ideal to be achieved but a requisite foundation for every human society.

Punctuality and Time Essay

Punctuality is being on time or completing something on time. The main thing is time management. Time management is exercising control over the amount of time spent on activities or it is used to manage time when accomplishing specific tasks or goals. With this u can break time management it to categories like Time discipline adding a time limit and the Value of time. Time discipline is the act of planning out time to do something and then sticking to the time u have set to do it or someone else has set for u to do and complete it in that set time. Time discipline can also be using your time wisely and not waiting till the last moment to do it. But allotting time and doing it in that time so you’re not rushed and so u make fewer mistakes on it or no mistakes. Using your time in a manner where u have the time need to finish the task and either turn it in or come back and relay that the task is done to whoever gave u that task that u had just finished. Setting a time limit a time limit or deadline is a narrow field of time, or particular point in time, by which an objective or task must be accomplished. In project management, deadlines are most often associated with easily obtained goals. Setting a time limit and keeping it is a need tool everyone needs to work and function in every day society. Because if u don’t u won’t be able to hold and keep a job because how can your boss count on you to do and get done with what he/she needs for you to do but I kind of got of topic. Punctuality is the habit of doing things exactly in time. A punctual person will be a winner everywhere. A punctual person is always one step ahead of others. Often we say plan work and work plan. But if you are not stick on your work promptly, punctually, how can you become a better person I your life? Punctuality is essential for man in every walk of life. For students it is a great blessing. If you are punctual you will get enough time to do your work according to your plan. In hospitals, punctuality can make all the difference, of course between life and death. You never face any difficulty so far as time is concerned. You command respect and admiration of all who work with you and are an asset. Everybody likes to work with you such a lovely man. On the contrary an unpunctual man sees himself in arrears as days pass and is gradually filled with despair. He generally causes inconvenience to others and is most of the time a liability. Punctuality is inevitable everywhere. In business also this is very important. If you want to be a successful businessman, you have to be very particular in being punctual. The failure to keep up an engagement punctually may mean a setback for his business. If you are not punctual, you can see your washes away between your cup and lip! If we study the lives of our great men, we find that punctuality was one of the secrets of their success in life. The necessity of doing our work punctually should be felt more keenly because we live today in a complicated society where each work is dependent on the other. The smooth working of the modern world is due to an increasing recognition of the necessity of doing our work punctually. Punctuality being so important in life, it is necessary for every man to cultivate this habit from the very beginning. Once we are punctual, our labours will be lightened, our mind disciplined and our life will be much easier and brighter. so I guess what I’m saying is if we be punctual, we can finish up our work at right time. Punctuality checks unnecessary wastage of time. Time is very valuable for us. We can save it only by punctuality. Time and tide wait for none. Seconds, minutes, hours and days pass by in right order. There is a maxim â€Å"We should hold the time by the forelock†. If we be punctual, a single second of us will never go waste. The English men are very punctual. They put on wrist-watches to exercise punctuality. But we, the Indian put on wrist-watches only as ornaments for show. We cannot progress. If we are not punctual. Punctuality helps us in our progress. It also saves money in other ways. There is a saying. â€Å"A stitch in time saves nine†. So, if we take our food punctually, we will never be sick and so we will never have to spend money on medicines and doctors or to worry our near and dear ones in this connection. Everybody should be punctual in his everyday life. Every one should make a habit of punctuality. The people who have become great in their lives are very punctual. Punctuality is the first condition for becoming great in life. So, punctuality should be the motto in our life. We should not only be punctual ourselves but also advise others to be punctual. But when it comes to the military, certain things are just automatically expected of a person. One of the most important expectations is time management and being on time. Every day there are any number of places one is required to be at a certain time and as the saying goes if you aren’t fifteen minutes early then you are late. One may ask, why fifteen minutes though it may seem Extreme, when dealing with the numbers of people that are dealt with in the armed forces, allowances must be made for the unexpected. There will always be unexpected complications to arise; it is just part of life that is why you can’t simply try to be on time because what happens when something does come up? There is no cushion of time for you to adjust however needed to take care of whatever came up. Just one person being late can begin a chain of events to be set back and throw any number of people’s days off schedule. Say you have an appointment for an eye exam and you are five minutes late. Well that is five minutes that the eye doctor had to wait on one person instead of moving on. The person who’s appointment is after yours is then forced to wait five minutes past when his or her appointment was supposed to begin which could in turn make that person five minutes late to pick up his or her child from school. One person can make that much of a splash just by being late, which is why the military is expected to the punctual. Honor is defined as honesty, fairness, or integrity in ones beliefs and actions. When it comes to being on time one should have the sense to be fair to his or her shipmates not being late and wasting their time. A person being frequently late shows that that person does not respect his or her fellows enough to not keep them waiting on a regular basis.

Effects of syntax bill to student smokers of Mindanao University of Science and Technology Essay

It is our great honor and respect for those persons who acknowledge to our study about â€Å"The effects of Syntax Bill to selected student smokers of Mindanao University of Science and Technology, SY. 2012-2013†. That we researchers are very thankful to the following: To our English 20 professor Dr. Erly M. Maglangit, for helping we finish our study. And for giving also this very interesting topic with regards to the student smokers here in our School or in this University. To my group who gives their ideas about our research and for their cooperation and teamwork for us to finish our study. To overall students who gives their moral support with regards to this study. To my classmate Genevieve Tagolimot for allowing me to used her laptop. To the parents above all that who are very supportive to their sons and daughters and keeping those sending school every day in this constitution which is the Mindanao University of Science and Technology. Once again, we are very thankful to all of you, without your moral support our studies will not be finish. Abstract For the past days, weeks, and months, SIN-tax Bill has been the content of the news reports on television, radio, and newspapers. It also garnered different reactions and views from different group of citizens, smokers or not. This bill was called SIN-Tax Bill because it proposes additional tax collection to bad vices such as cigarette and liquors. The proponents of the bill have said that it will give large amount of profit to the country as per the Department of Finance. This study purposes to know what the possibilities effects of House Bill 5727 are or what we called Sin Tax Bill. This law was approved by the congress and our President Benigno Simeon Aquino III for this law gives a higher tax or price will be given to the liquors or alcohols and especially to the cigarettes. Our study focuses to the selected student smokers of Mindanao University of Science and Technology and asking question to them on what are the effects of Sin Tax Bill to them as a Smoker. Most of the student smokers of Mindanao University of Science and Technology are not affected of House Bill 5727 or what we called Sin Tax Bill implementation. We also found out that one of the effects of Syntax Bill is the reduction of cigarettes stick of the smokers. That Sin tax bill helps to minimize the students smoker in smoking due to higher price of cigarettes. Even if House Bill 5727 is implemented students smokers in this University are able to continue their studies while others are not able able to focused their lessons if they can’t smoke cigarettes or tobaccos. Lastly, researchers also found out that there is no significant effects of House Bill 5727 or Sin Tax Bill. Though, most of the student smokers passed in all their subjects, but it is wise for them to quit or leave smoking for their health’s sake. Since, Sin Tax Bill reduces spending of the student smokers it will better for them to quit smoking so they can save spent their money to a very important projects in school. Lastly, it will be better for the school administration to conduct weekly SMOKING SYMPOSIUM about the harmful effects of smoking.   When Sin tax Bill was implemented in the Philippines, tobacco and cigar consumers were stunned whether the said law is in full implementation. Of course, those whose puffs are unavoidable and uncontrollable might oppose to this law. The only interest on their part is the money spent for the cigar. Others smokers disliked the law for it means additional â€Å"TAX INCORPORATED IN THIS BILL BUT THERE IS NO WAY TO ESCAPE THE LAW. SMOKERS MUST COMPLY WITH THE LAW†. They are not banned to smoke but they will only compromise the increase or value of the cigarette. This is the only means to control the additional burden of the Philippine government. The Philippine government spends billion a year for medicine for those who suffer lung cancer cited from Manila Bulletin, dated January 14, 2013). Based from the DOST, second hand smoking is so dangerous that it will take only few months to notice cancer sickness. This means to say that cancer cells will be triggered when nicotine enters the body direct to the lungs. The usual sicknesses for those who smoke are lung cancer, throat cancer, prostate cancer and anal cancer. Mindanao University of Science and Technology where the study was conducted about the effects of Syntax Bill to the selected student smokers’ wherein the selected students’ of MUST are involved. Since, sicknesses and no matter how posts of information in TV and in school campus on SMOKE FREE ZONE school, still without the monitor of the school administration, students’ smokers continue their journey towards smoking and the unseen effect in the future. Syntax is a tax levied on a certain goods and services that are seen vices, such as alcohol, tobacco and the like. Syntax is used for taxing activities that are considered undesirable. These types of taxes are levied by the government to discourage individuals from partaking in such activities without making the use of the products illegal. Like other taxes, sin tax also provides a source of government revenue. According to our research, Syntax Bill is often called â€Å"SIN TAXES,† because these taxes are, likewise, aimed at trying to â€Å"dissuade consumers from excessive intake of these potentially harmful products. â€Å"There is no disputing the â€Å"what†: House Bill 5727 is a measure that seeks to unify and increase the excise tax rates for alcohol and especially for cigarettes. This is also incites and provokes different responses, simply because this bill, if passed, would mean different things to different people. Manufacturers argue against the measure, primarily, on the following points: (1) it is the low-income earning earner consumers (who can only afford the lower-priced products) who will feel the pinch; (2) the decline in sales (from this segment of the market) will result in decreased production; (3) and that the decrease in production will inevitably lead to massive lay-offs. Smoking is an important risk factor for the three diseases that cause most deaths: heart disease, stroke and lung cancer. It is responsible for around 80% of all lung cancer deaths and 20% of all cancer deaths. Smoking has also been linked to cancers of the mouth, bladder, kidney, stomach and cervix, among other. Smokers are also at increased risk at having reduced lung function from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Using tobacco has been linked a variety of 3 other conditions, such as diabetes, peptic ulcers, some vision problems, and back pain. Smoking in pregnancy can lead to miscarriage, still birth or premature birth. Statement of the Problem The following are the statements of the problem: 1. What are the effects of Syntax bill to the student smokers of Mindanao University of Science and Technology? 2. What are the effects of Syntax bill to the non-smokers of Mindanao University of Science and Technology? 3. What is their stand as to smoking and studying done simultaneously? 4. Is smoking not a problem of the student smokers’ studies? Importance of the Study Syntax bill is House Bill 5727 which means— a measure that seeks to unify and increase the excise tax rates for alcohol and especially for cigarettes. Is it important that we know the effect syntax bill to the selected student smokers of Mindanao University of Science and Technology. This study also asks the students on how the cigarettes, tobacco, and etc. affect their daily life, especially in the field of their studies.

The Louisville Slugger

The Louisville Slugger The Louisville Slugger The Louisville Slugger has been at the heart of baseball since 1884. A brand name of The Hillerich Bradsby Co., Slugger has dominated the market of wooden bats for decades. However, in the 1970's, introduction of aluminum brought unforeseen changes within the company's industry. When aluminum bats were approved for amateur and college play, the wood bat production fell from 7 million to 800 000. HB had to do something about it; otherwise, they would be out of business. Meanwhile, large aluminum companies were already involved in the baseball bat production, in order to increase their aluminum sales. Alcoa Inc. was one of them. Slugger made a decision to buy Alcoa manufacturing plant in order to establish its own production. That was an exceptionally smart solution. By doing so, they exempted themselves from unnecessary competition. If they had let Alcoa continue produce bats, Louisville's enterprise, probably, would have come to a halt. Afterwards, Slugger has built a new plant in C alifornia. The location was chosen in order to stay closer to the major aluminum suppliers. Transportation costs of materials play a significant role on the net present value (NPV). NPV is the difference between the market value of the product and the cost of its production. Therefore, close location to the materials supplier decreases the cost of production significantly. Slugger makes three different varieties of bets. Adult bets, youth bets, and softball bets. They all feature barrel diameters between 2 and 2 inches. Tubes are cut to lengths from 16 to 30 inches. Therefore, a number of different set ups is provided to facilitate manufacturing. It is a well-known fact that product variety adds to costs for any assembly. Various tube sizes have to be cut that raises material losses. Workers have to modify five different machinery set-ups every day. It takes from 10 to 15 minutes to make that change. In total one hour of the productive time is wasted just to adapt to the new product. Therefore, manufacturing productivity decreases. Productivity is a measure of how well inputs are used in the business. It is a ratio of the created product to the input applied. In order to calculate the cost of machinery alteration, an amount of items manufactured has to be known beforehand. Louisville plant produces 5500 bats a day. If we divide a total number of bats by the amount of hours a day, we will get 229 bats manufactured each hour. Hereafter, we should multiply this amount by the market price of a single bet to determine the cost of the time spent on the machinery alteration. The next important concept is machine utilization. It is a productivity measure for equipment that is equal to actual running time divided by time available. This figure is expected to decrease with the increase in the product variety. There are about 300 models of bats currently produced at the Ontario plant in California. There are approximately 50 machinery set ups that have to be operated to facilitate manufacturing. Aluminum bats are more complex to make. In order to increase efficiency, an employee is trained on one station only. This tactics assists workers to gain good skills; therefore, their performance is increased significantly. There is a considerable demand for aluminum bats in baseball today. However, professional league has not accepted them yet. This has to do with the ball speed. It has been proven that baseball hit by the aluminum bat came off so fast that it could hurt the player. Consequently, NCAA Executive Committee approved the new ball-speed standards requiring the baseball to come off no faster than 93 mph. Therefore, new bats had to perform like wooden bats. This was quite a challenge for the bat producing companies. Transition to the new bat design would increase the company's losses. It takes three years to create, test, and implement new alloys for the bat's manufacturing. Therefore, the company has to continue producing bats that do not qualify for sports competitions, yet only for the home use. Consequently, market share reduces causing a substantial profit loss. When a regulating agency brings new design standards, manufacturer is forced to buy new materials or equipment to fulfill those requirements. For instance, in 1998, NCAA mandate imputed that bats used by college players had to be heavier and narrower. That requirement would involve some new material to be placed inside the tube; otherwise, thickness had to be increased. This is a good example how significant it is to maintain the safety-stock levels. This is an additional inventory used to help in meeting the demand uncertainty. Sports industry companies should adapt to technological changes constantly in order to adapt to new standards. Hillerich Bradsby has its own plant in California. All the processes are maintained by them from start to finish. They have an enormous technological capability to bring changes to their designs and follow new trends in the market. The company's peak shipping periods are in February and March. The plant has plenty of operating time to administer new modifications. Louisville Slugger continued to maintain its market share due to timely response to technological changes by purchasing fully stocked plant in California back in 1970's. Heaving learned how to manufacture aluminum bats, Slugger provided itself with a strong customer base that makes up 95% of all consumer market today.

Why Animal Rights Activists Oppose Aquariums

Why Animal Rights Activists Oppose Aquariums Animal rights activists oppose aquariums for the same reason they oppose zoos. Fish and other sea creatures, like their land-dwelling relatives, are sentient and have a right to live free from human exploitation. In addition, there are concerns about the treatment of the animals in captivity, especially marine mammals. Aquariums and Animal Rights From an animal rights perspective, keeping animals in captivity for our own use is an infringement on that animals right to be free of human exploitation, regardless of how well the animals are treated. There are some people who doubt the sentience of fish and other sea creatures. This is an important issue because the rights of animals are based on sentience - the ability to suffer. But studies have shown that fish, crabs, and shrimp do feel pain. What about anemones, jellyfish and other animals with simpler nervous systems? While its debatable whether a jellyfish or anemone can suffer, it is clear that crabs, fish, penguins and marine mammals do feel pain, are sentient and are therefore deserving of rights. Some might argue that we should give jellyfish and anemones the benefit of the doubt because there is no compelling reason to keep them in captivity, but in a world where clearly intelligent, sentient beings such as dolphins, elephants and chimpanzees are kept in captivity for our amusement/education, the main challenge is convincing the public that sentience is the determining factor for whether a being has rights, and sentient beings should not be kept in zoos and aquariums. Aquariums and Animal Welfare The animal welfare position holds that humans have a right to use animals as long as the animals are treated well. However, even from an animal welfare viewpoint, aquariums are problematic. Animals in an aquarium are confined in relatively small tanks and can get bored and frustrated. In an effort to provide more natural environments for the animals, different species are often kept together, which lead to predatory animals attacking or eating their tank mates. Furthermore, the tanks are stocked either with captured animals or animals bred in captivity. Capturing animals in the wild is stressful, injurious and sometimes fatal; breeding in captivity is also a problem because those animals will live their entire lives in a tiny tank instead of a vast ocean. Special Concerns About Marine Mammals There are special concerns regarding marine mammals because they are so large and they so obviously suffer in captivity, regardless of any educational or entertainment value they may have for their captors. This is not to say that marine mammals suffer more in captivity than small fish, although that is possible, the suffering of marine mammals is more obvious to us. For example, according to the World Society for the Protection of Animals, a dolphin in the wild swims 40 miles per day, but US regulations require dolphin pens to be only 30 feet in length. A dolphin would have to circle his tank more than 3,500 times every day to simulate his natural range. Regarding killer whales in captivity, the Humane Society of the US explains: This unnatural situation can cause skin problems. In addition, in captive killer whales (orcas), it is the probable cause of dorsal fin collapse, as without the support of water, gravity pulls these tall appendages over as the whale matures. Collapsed fins are experienced by all captive male orcas and many captive female orcas, who were either captured as juveniles or who were born in captivity. However, they are observed in only about 1% of orcas in the wild. And in rare tragedies, captive marine mammals attack people, possibly as a result of post-traumatic stress syndrome after being captured from the wild. What About Rehabbing or Public Education? Some might point out the good work that aquariums do: rehabbing wildlife and educating the public about zoology and ocean ecology. While these programs are laudable and certainly not trivial, they cannot justify the suffering of the individuals in aquariums. If they operated as true sanctuaries for individual animals who cannot return to the wild, such as Winter, the dolphin with a prosthetic tail, there would be no ethical objections. What Laws Protect Animals in Aquariums? On the federal level, the federal Animal Welfare Act covers the warm-blooded animals in aquariums, such as marine mammals and penguins, but does not apply to fish and invertebrates - the vast majority of animals in an aquarium. The Marine Mammal Protection Act offers some protection for whales, dolphins, seals, walruses, sea lions, sea otters, polar bears, dugongs, and manatees, but does not prohibit keeping them in captivity. The Endangered Species Act covers endangered species that might be in an aquarium and applies to all types of animals, including marine mammals, fish, and invertebrates. Animal cruelty statutes vary by state, and some states may offer some protection to the marine mammals, penguins, fish and other animals in aquariums. The information on this website is not legal advice and is not a substitute for legal advice. For legal advice, please consult an attorney.

Broad Classification Of Work Motivational Theories Commerce Essay

Broad Classification Of Work Motivational Theories Commerce Essay The work motivation theories can be broadly classified as content theories and process theories. The content theories are concerned with identifying the needs that people have and how needs are prioritized. They are concerned with types of incentives that drive people to attain need fulfillment. The Maslow hierarchy theory, Fredrick Herzberg’s two factor theory and Alderfer’s ERG needs theory fall in this category. Although such a content approach has logic, is easy to understand, and can be readily translated in practice, the research evidence points out limitations. There is very little research support for these models’ theoretical basic and predictability. The trade off for simplicity sacrifices true understanding of the complexity of work motivation. On the positive side, however, the content models have given emphasis to important content factors that were largely ignored by human relationists. In addition the Alderfer’s ERG needs theory allows more flexibility and Herzberg’s two-factor theory is useful as an explanation for job satisfaction and as a point of departure for job design. The process theories are concerned with the cognitive antecedents that go into motivation and with the way they are related to one another. The theories given by Vroom, Porter and Lawler, equity theory and attribution theory fall in this category. These theories provide a much sounder explanation of work motivations. The expectancy model of Vroom and the extensions and the refinements provided by Porter and Lawler help explain the important cognitive variables and how they relate to one another in the process of work motivation. The Porter Lawler model also gives specific attention to the important relationship between performance and satisfaction. A growing research literature is somewhat supportive of these expectancy models, but conceptual and methodological problems remain. Unlike the content models, these expectancy models are relativ ely complex and difficult to translate into actual practice. They have also failed to meet the goals of prediction and control Motivation Theory 1 – Adam’s Equity Theory of Work Motivation The theory explains that a major input into job performance and satisfaction is the degree of equity or inequity that people perceive in work situations. Adam depicts a specific process of how this motivation occurs. Inequality occurs when a person perceives that the ratio of his or her outcomes to inputs and the ratio of a relevant other’s outcomes to inputs are unequal. Our Outcomes Other’s Outcomes = Inequity (over-rewarded) Our Inputs Other’s Inputs Both the inputs and the outputs of the person and the other are based upon the person’s perceptions, which are affected by age, sex, education, social status, organizational position, qualifications, and how hard the person works, etc. Outcomes consist primarily of rewards such as pay, status, promotion, a nd intrinsic interest in the job. Equity sensitivity is the ratio based upon the person’s perception of what the person is giving (inputs) and receiving (outcomes) versus the ratio of what the relevant is giving and receiving. This cognition may or may not be the same as someone else’s observation of the ratios or the same as the actual situation.

Transport Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Transport Management - Essay Example The researcher of this essay focuses on the logistics outsourcing, that has become a significant growing issue in Supply chain management systems to meet its customer satisfaction at the rate of a ‘click’. As the outsourced logistic providers (3PL/4PL) are coming out with new capabilities of ITES (IT Enabled services) like optimization, customer order tracking, Help desks, customer contact centers, Order management, global warehouse suppliers with global track opportunities, the owner company is getting low cost service with minimal technology up gradation. With this the maturity of the supply chain management transforms from network formation to value chain formation, leading to the managed outsource of 3PL/4PL services. Though contracts of outsourcing are administered and managed by structured processes, some of the past experiences are showing their fatal demolition. Hence the present essay aims to identify reasons of this impact of integration with Lead logistics pro vider upon the ‘Human Factor’. And the focus is further made on to identify a solution to bring the human resources into the flow by clearing the ambiguity in the relationships between systems. The benefits of the above approach ensures that all aspects of the supply chain are capable of implementing the change and that the organization as a whole is mature enough to understand where the targets and benefits are to be gained. With this perspective the Transport management will become more sophisticated and more useful to serve the exact need.